Tetanus is one of the dangerous infections that affect the nervous system and muscles. Tetanus word derived from the Greek language from tetanos which means teinein tense. This disease is a disease in which infection tonic muscle spasm and trismus caused hiperrefleksia (lockjaw), generalized muscle spasm, curved spines (opistotonus), glottal spasm, cramps and spasms and respiratory paralysis.
Causes of Tetanus:
tetanus caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria. Habitats are almost everywhere in the world. Being on the ground, dust, or animal gastrointestinal tract. For the life of this bacteria does not need oxygen. In the air he was even dead, but tetanus bacteria can form spores that remain alive when boiled, but easy to die if heated or exposed to abstergent pests. Therefore, the infection of this disease in general in the area of the wound, dirty air and untouched. This germ produces a poison causes paralysis of muscles tetanospasmin whole body is rigid. But awareness of the patient is not interrupted. Tetanus patients remained conscious despite severe pain.
Tetanus can also occur as a result of wounds on the body such as a nail punctured wounds, broken glass, or cans, gunshot wounds, burns, wounds, dirty and the baby's umbilical cord can pass through. Multiple organisms which form two toxins that are tetanuspasmin powerful toxin and / or neurotropik that can cause muscle tension and spasms, and affect the central nervous system.
how to prevent:
1. If a wound:
a. Provision of ATS as soon as possible iu 1500.
b. A good treatment injuries: stab wounds to the exploration and washed with H2O2.
c. When asked give pp wound for 2-3 days (50,000 iu / kg BW / day)
d. Tetanus toxoid as boster for those who have received basic immunization.
2. Active immunization with tetanus toxoid, which can be given as 3.4 and Shalom Aleichem age 5 months. Given 1-year booster and then every 2-3 years later.
